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<H1><FONT COLOR="#FF0000"><CENTER>All About the Great Wall of China</CENTER></FONT></H1>
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The Great Wall of China (in Chinese it is called "Wan-Li Qang-Qeng" which means 10,000 Li Long Wall) was built over 2,000 years ago, by Qin Shi Huangdi, the first emperor of China during the <A HREF="http://www-chaos.umd.edu/history/imperial.html#first" TARGET="_BLANK">Qin Dynasty</A> (221 B.C - 206 B.C.). After uniting China from seven ducal states, the emperor connected and extended four old fortification walls along the north of China that originated about 700 B.C. (over 2500 years ago). Armies were stationed along the wall as a first line of defense against the invading Tsongnoo tribes north of China. Signal fires from the Wall provided early warning of invaders. Emperor <A HREF="http://www.visit-china-97.com/35points/97e_9.htm" TARGET="_BLANK">Qin Shi Huangdi</A> (259-210 B.C.) also standardized Chinese writing and built massive palaces and mausoleums with life-sized terra cotta warriors and horses.
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The Great Wall is one of the largest building construction projects ever completed. It stretches across the mountains of northern China, north and northwest of Beijing. It is constructed of masonry and packed earth. It was over 5,000 km (=10,000 Li) long. Its thickness ranged from about 4.5 to 9 meters (15 to 30 feet) and was up to 7.5 meters (25 feet) tall.
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During the Ming Dynasty (1368-1644), the Great Wall was enlarged to 6,400 kilometers (4,000 miles) and renovated over a 200 year period, with watch-towers and cannons added. It stretches from the Jiayu Pass (in Gansu Province) in the west, to the mouth of the Yalu River (in Liaoning Province) in the east.
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The Great Wall can be seen from <A HREF="http://www.jpl.nasa.gov/radar/sircxsar/gwall.html" TARGET="_BLANK">Earth orbit</A>, but is not visible from the moon, according to astronauts Neil Armstrong, Jim Lovell, and Jim Irwin.
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