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The chimpanzee is the animal that is closest to people genetically; people and chimps have very similar DNA (about 98% of human and chimpanzee DNA is identical). Genetic studies show that chimpanzees and humans share a common ancestor.
Early apes evolved during the Miocene epoch (7-26 million years ago). Fossils of these early apes have been found in Africa, Asia, and Europe.
A group of apes can be called a troop or a shrewdness.
| Apes (superfamily Hominoidea) | |||||
| The lesser apes (family Hylobatidae, meaning "tree dweller") include the gibbon and siamang. | The great apes (family Pongidae) include the gorillas, chimpanzees, bonobos, and orangutans. | ||||
 GIBBON A rare, small, slender, long-armed tree-dwelling ape from Asia that is incredibly acrobatic. |
 SIAMANG A rare, black, noisy gibbon ape from Sumatra and Malaysia with some webbed digits and a throat sac. |
 GORILLA The largest ape, a shy but social vegetarian, from Africa. There are three subspecies, the western lowland gorilla, the endangered mountain gorilla, and the eastern lowland gorilla. |
 CHIMPANZEE A large, brown-to-black, very intelligent tree-dwelling ape from Africa with a hairless face, large ears and hands (for knuckle-walking). Bonobos, rare "pygmy chimps," are close, peaceful relatives of chimps from the Congo. |
 ORANGUTAN A rare, large, tree-dwelling ape with long arms from Borneo and Sumatra. |
 HUMANS |
Cladogram:
 A cladogram of the greater apes. |
A cladogram is a branching diagram that depicts species divergence from common ancestors. It helps classify organisms by their common ancestry, based on the branching of the evolutionary family tree. |
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