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| The Chemical Elements |
An element is a chemically pure substance composed of atoms of a single type. The lightest element is hydrogen, which makes up almost 80% of the universe. It is followed by helium, which makes up a bit under 20% of the universe. Other common elements are oxygen, nitrogen, silicon, iron, and carbon.
Stars begin their lives as balls of hydrogen. Stars then fuse hydrogen atoms into helium atoms. An isotope of hydrogen (deuterium), helium and some lithium were created by nucleosynthesis (combining loose protons and neutrons to make nuclei) just after the Big Bang. The next heaviest elements (like carbon, nitrogen, and oxygen) are formed inside stars by nuclear fusion. The heavier elements (like mercury, copper, and gold) are created as massive stars explode in a supernova. Every atom around us and in our bodies was made in the Big Bang or in a star! A few man-made elements, like seaborgium, have been created in laboratories.
 Match the Elements to their Abbreviations #1 Match 50 elements to their abbreviations. Or go to the answers. |
 Match the Elements to their Abbreviations #2 Match 50 elements to their abbreviations. Or go to the answers. |
 Chemical Elements Wheel Make a wheel about 8 common chemical elements using this 2-page print-out; it consists of a base page together with a wheel that spins around. When you spin the wheel, 8 elements appear, including hydrogen, helium, carbon, nitrogen, oxygen, neon, sodium, and silicon. The student then writes down the 8 elements in order of atomic number. |
 Chemical Metal Elements Wheel Make a wheel about 8 common metal elements using this 2-page print-out; it consists of a base page together with a wheel that spins around. When you spin the wheel, 8 metallic elements appear, including gold, silver, copper, aluminum, nickel, iron, lead, and tin. The student then writes down the 8 elements in order of atomic number. |
 Periodic Table of the Elements The periodic table of the elements shows the types of elements that make up the universe and the relative properties of the atoms. In it, the elements are arranged by increasing atomic number (the number of protons in the nucleus of an atom). |
 Elements: Reading and Understanding Tables Use the table to answer the questions about some of the elements. Or go to the answers. Or go to a pdf of the quiz and the answers (site members only). |
 The Elements: Vocabulary Word List An alphabetical list of the elements. |
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